The exact cause of atherosclerosis isn’t known. But certain traits, habits or conditions (called risk factors) have been linked to a narrowing or hardening of the arteries. These may include:
- High cholesterol or high triglycerides (a type of fat in the blood)
- High blood pressure
- Smoking
- Lack of exercise
- Diabetes
- Being overweight or obese
- Chronic kidney disease
- Eating foods high in sodium, sugar, saturated or trans fats
| - Older age
- Family history: If you have a parent or a sibling with early onset of heart disease (before 55 years old for male relatives and before 65 years old for female relatives)
- History of early menopause (before age 40)
- Inflammatory diseases
- Sleep apnea
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